Physical Therapy for Cervical Dystonia

Medically reviewed by Misty Seidenburg

Cervical dystonia, or spasmodic torticollis, is a neurological disorder marked by involuntary muscle contractions in the neck. These painful spasms and twitches can affect posture and make daily activities challenging.

Although there is no cure for the condition, it can generally be managed effectively. Physical therapy for cervical dystonia when combined with other treatments, can significantly alleviate symptoms and improve overall quality of life. Keep reading to learn more about alleviating cervical dystonia symptoms and improving mobility with physical therapy.

Understanding Cervical Dystonia

Focal dystonia refers to a group of conditions that trigger muscle spasms in a specific area of the body. Cervical dystonia is one type of focal dystonia that affects approximately 60,000 people in the U.S. According to the National Organization for Rare Disorders, cervical dystonia is most commonly diagnosed in women ages 40-60.

Cervical dystonia symptoms include:

• Neck pain
• Headaches
• Involuntary muscle spasms or twitching
• Tremors, where parts of the body shake uncontrollably
• Burning sensations in the neck and shoulders
• Posture abnormalities, most commonly involving the chin twisting toward the shoulder

The cause of cervical dystonia is still unknown. However, some individuals with the condition have a family history of cervical dystonia. Some research also suggests a gene mutation plays a part in developing the condition.  Dystonia is also linked to head, neck, shoulder, and traumatic brain injury (TBI).

Early intervention is essential to manage cervical dystonia symptoms more effectively and prevent the condition from worsening. Prompt care can alleviate symptoms and potentially prevent long-term complications, such as permanent changes in posture, joint damage, and muscle atrophy.

Physical Therapy’s Role in Managing Cervical Dystonia

Physical therapy plays a crucial role in treating cervical dystonia by targeting the affected muscles to improve muscle strength, flexibility, and correct posture. Physical therapy for neck tightness incorporates several techniques to alleviate neck pain, enhance range of motion, and prevent muscle stiffness.

Physical therapy for cervical dystonia can include:

• Stretching cervical dystonia exercises to release muscle tension and increase flexibility.
• Strengthening exercises to improve muscle stability and support proper posture.
• Postural exercises for neck disorders to correct abnormal positioning and improve the brain’s awareness of a ‘neutral’ position.
• Manual therapies, including massage, joint mobilization, and other hands-on techniques to relieve pain and reduce muscle tightness.
• Neuromuscular re-education to retrain the muscles and nerves for more coordinated movement.
• Other modalities, such as heat, ice, electrical stimulation, and myofascial release for dystonia, can be utilized to alleviate muscle spasms and reduce pain.

Physical therapy treatment plans are customized to each patient’s unique symptoms and individual needs. Physical therapists closely monitor progress and make necessary adjustments to achieve the desired outcomes.

Expectations from Physical Therapy

Physical therapy focuses on reducing muscle spasms and alleviating pain, ultimately leading to increased comfort and mobility over time. As treatment progresses, patients often experience long-term benefits, such as enhanced mobility, increased independence, and an improved quality of life.

However, maintaining these gains is crucial because this condition is not curable. Ongoing maintenance therapy is essential in preventing flare-ups and sustaining progress. Regular therapy sessions help patients manage their condition effectively and continue enjoying the benefits of improved movement and reduced discomfort.

Cervical dystonia pain relief and symptom management requires a holistic approach that combines physical therapy with other treatment methods, including medication, deep brain stimulation, and Botulinum toxin (Botox) injections. Caffeine, alcohol, and stress can make symptoms worse, so making minor adjustments and prioritizing self-care can also be beneficial.

Cervical Dystonia Physical Therapy: Schedule an Assessment Today

If you suspect you have cervical dystonia, it’s important to seek professional help to confirm the diagnosis and explore treatment options, with physical therapy being a valuable part of your care plan.

By receiving the proper care and a well-rounded treatment plan, those with cervical dystonia can experience notable progress in their symptoms. To get started, find a physical therapy clinic near you.